GLYCERIN (GLYCEROL)

Glycerin is widely used in cosmetics and skincare products as humectant, meaning it helps retain moisture in the skin. It is also used as a solvent, emollient, and lubricant. Due to its non-toxic nature, it is also used in food and pharmaceuticals CHEMICAL PROPERTIES  Hydroxyl Groups: Glycerin has three hydroxyl (–OH) groups, which make it highly soluble in water and give it its hygroscopic nature (ability to absorb moisture from the air).  Alcoholic Nature: Being a trihydroxy alcohol, glycerin is a type of alcohol with three alcohol functional groups, which influences its reactivity and solubility.  Reactivity with Acids: Glycerin reacts with acids to form esters. For instance, it reacts with fatty acids to form glycerides (fats and oils). This reaction is commonly used in the production of biodiesel.  Dehydration: When heated with concentrated sulfuric acid, glycerin undergoes dehydration to form acrolein, a compound used in the manufacture of plastics and other chemicals.  Oxidation: Glycerin can be oxidized to form glyceric acid or other higher oxidation states depending on the conditions. This oxidation is often catalyzed by specific reagents or enzymes.