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Lithium a soft alkali metal with the atomic symbol Li is a crucial element driving the global shift towards clean energy technologies. Its unique properties including the lowest density among all metals and high electrochemical potential make it the go to choice for lithium ion batteries the backbone of electric vehicles and portable electronics.Lithium is classified as a non ferrous metal. Ferrous metals are primarily iron based while lithium belongs to the alkali metal group with distinct chemical and physical properties. Forms of Lithium Trade Lithium is traded in various forms depending on its intended use Lithium ores Spodumene and lepidolite are the primary lithium bearing minerals extracted from hard rock mines. Lithium brines Lithium rich brines extracted from salt flats salares after evaporation and processing. Lithium compounds Lithium carbonate Li2CO3 and lithium hydroxide LiOH are the most common forms used in battery production. Lithium metal Pure lithium metal finds application in specialized batteries and other niche applications.